Isibulala-zinambuzane siphakathi

Isibulala-zinambuzane siphakathi

Isibulala-zinambuzane siyindlela ebalulekile yokukhiqiza ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni izifo, izinambuzane nokhula, ukusimamisa kanye nokwenza ngcono isivuno sezitshalo.

Nakuba kuthinteka amanani entengo yemikhiqizo yezolimo, indawo yokutshala, isimo sezulu, i-inventory nezinye izici, ukuthengiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kuzoletha ukuguquguquka okuthile okujikelezayo unyaka nonyaka, kodwa isidingo sisaqinile.

Ngokwemininingwane evela ku-National Bureau of Statistics, ukukhiqizwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ezweni lonke kubonise ukwehla kwesitayela kusukela ngo-2017.
Ngo-2017, ukukhishwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali kwehle kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.941, kodwa ngo-2018 kwehle kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.083. Ngo-2019, umphumela wezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali wayeka ukwehla futhi wenyuka wafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezi-2.2539, wenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-1.4 unyaka nonyaka.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imali engenayo yokuthengiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane yaseChina iyonke igcine umkhuba owandayo.
Ngo-2018, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo kanye nokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yomkhiqizo, kanye nokwenyuka kwesidingo sezibulala-zinambuzane ezitshalweni zemali ezifana nokotini nengqalasizinda, imali yokuthengisa embonini yayicishe ibe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-329.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi usayizi wemakethe ongaba khona wezolimo zaseChina kusalindeleke ukuthi ukhuphuke ngo-2020.

Izibulala-zinambuzane ezehlukene zidinga iziphakathi ezihlukene enqubweni yokukhiqiza.
Umkhiqizo okhiqizwe ngokucubungula izinto ezisetshenziswayo zezolimo uphinde ube yindlela ephakathi nendawo ehlanganisa izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ndawonye.
Ezibulala-zinambuzane zingaqondwa njenge-synergist, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-organic intermediates.
Ekuqaleni ibhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwetiyela lamalahle noma imikhiqizo kaphethiloli njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zokwenziwa kwezinongo, odayi, izinhlaka, izidakamizwa, amapulasitiki, i-accelerator yenjoloba neminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, ekhiqizwa inqubo yemikhiqizo ephakathi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-intermediates ngokuvamile kwenziwa kureactor, futhi okuphakathi okukhiqiziwe kuyahlukaniswa futhi kuhlanzwe, ngokuvamile ngobuchwepheshe bokukhipha.
Izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokukhipha i-chloroform kuwumsebenzi wamakhemikhali ebhizinisini elivamile, inqubo yokusebenza yendabuko ngokuvamile ithatha ikholomu ye-distillation, lolu hlobo lwenqubo yokusebenza luyinkimbinkimbi, ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha okuphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhulu, ngakho-ke ngokujula kokuhlukana komphakathi kwabasebenzi kanye inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amabhizinisi amaningi aqala ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi akhethe inqubo esebenza ngempumelelo.