I-Dimethyl carbonate CAS: 616-38-6
I-Dimethyl carbonate (I-DMC), impahla eluhlaza yamakhemikhali enobuthi obuphansi, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi, iyindawo ebalulekile emaphakathi yokuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziphilayo.Isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana siqukethe amaqembu asebenzayo anjenge-carbonyl, i-methyl kanye ne-methoxy, futhi inokuphinda isebenze okuhlukahlukene.Inezici zokusetshenziswa okuphephile, ukusebenziseka kalula, ukungcola okuncane kanye nokuhamba kalula ekukhiqizeni.I-Dimethyl carbonate iwumkhiqizo wamakhemikhali “oluhlaza” othembisayo ngenxa yobuthi bayo obuphansi.
Ifomula yemolekyuli: C3H6O3;(CH3O)2CO ;I-CH3O-COOCH3
Isisindo se-molecule: 90.07
Inombolo ye-CAS: 616-38-6
Inombolo ye-EINECS: 210-478-4
Ukusetshenziswa kwemvelo Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nesakhiwo samangqamuzana esikhethekile se-DMC sinquma ukusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi, okungafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Faka esikhundleni se-phosgene egoqiwe njenge-ejenti ye-carbonylation.
Nakuba i-phosgene (i-Cl-CO-Cl) inokuphinda isebenze kabusha, imikhiqizo yayo ephumayo enobuthi kakhulu futhi egqwala iyenza ibhekane nokucindezela kwemvelo okukhulu, ngakho izoqedwa kancane kancane.I-DMC(CH3O-CO-OCH3) inesikhungo esifanayo sokusabela kwe-nucleophilic.Lapho iqembu le-carbonyl le-DMC lihlaselwa ama-nucleophiles, isibopho se-acyl-oxygen siyanqamuka ukuze sakhe izinhlanganisela ze-carbonyl, futhi umkhiqizo owenziwe yi-methanol.Ngakho-ke, i-DMC ingathatha indawo ye-phosgene njenge-reagent yokusabela ephephile ukuze ihlanganise okuphuma ku-carbonic acid, njengezibulala-zinambuzane ze-carbamate, ama-polycarbonates, ama-isocyanates, njll., phakathi kwawo i-polycarbonate izoba insimu enesidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke se-DMC.Kubikezelwa ukuthi ngo-2005.
Faka esikhundleni se-dimethyl sulfate egoqiwe njenge-ejenti ye-methylating.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezifana ne-phosgene, i-dimethyl sulfate (CH3O-SO-OCH3) nayo ibhekene nokucindezela kokuqedwa.Lapho i-methyl carbon ye-DMC ihlaselwa ama-nucleophiles, isibopho sayo se-alkyl-oxygen siyaphuka futhi imikhiqizo ye-methylated nayo iyakhiqizwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno sokusabela se-DMC siphezulu futhi inqubo ilula kunaleyo ye-dimethyl sulfate.Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziphilayo, imikhiqizo yemithi, imikhiqizo yezibulala-zinambuzane, njll.
